A Intel está apostando algumas fichas nas aplicações de Internet das Coisas (IoT) através do lançamento de kits de desenvolvimento. Uma dessas apostas é a Intel Edison, que foi oficialmente lançada em CES 2014.
Juntamente com a placa, a Intel disponibiliza em seu site o Board Support Package (BSP) da Intel Edison compatível com o Yocto Project para desenvolvimento de distribuições Linux Embarcado, bem como aplicativos, bibliotecas e componentes para aplicações IoT.
Componentes do Intel IoT Developer Kit
Diversas IDEs, linguagens de programação e ferramentas estão disponíveis para desenvolvimento:
- Eclipse IDE – C/C++:
- Eclipse IDE para Windows, Mac ou Linux;
- Todas as ferramentas essenciais para desenvolvimento (cross-compiling tool chain, debugging e profiling tools);
- Bibliotecas para conexão com a Galileo e Edison mais bibliotecas de sensores;
- Templates e exemplos de como iniciar a construção de aplicações em IoT.
- Intel® XDK IoT Edition – JavaScript:
- Você pode construir uma solução completa em IoT usando aplicações Node.js e HTML5 embarcadas na placa.
- Arduino IDE – Wiring e Sketches de Arduino;
- Wyliodrin – Programação Visual:
- Cloud Analytics:
- Intel IoT Analytics inclui capacidades para coleta de dados, armazenamento e análise de sensores. Além disso ele pode gerar alertas e realizar análises avançadas. Este serviço é gratuito para aplicações não comerciais.
- Intel System Studio for IoT:
- Uma IDE que provém acesso avançado a nível de software e hardware para aumentar a velocidade de desenvolvimento, testes e otimizações. Suporta a Galileo e Edison com uso de debuggers (JTAG com openOCD) e compilador C++ com ferramentas e bibliotecas de performance da Intel. Ele está disponível através de licença trial para uso não comercial.
Intel Edison Yocto
Recentemente foi lançada a versão 2.1 da imagem Linux da Edison.
Os Melhores Treinamentos sobre Sistemas embarcados e IoT
Cursos com professores qualificados para acelerar sua carreira e projetos
Você pode baixar e instalar a imagem Linux da Edison pré-compilada direto do site da Intel. O procedimento de gravação pode ser feito em máquinas Windows, Mac e Linux.
Nesse artigo mostraremos como gerar do zero uma imagem Linux Embarcado para a Intel Edison com o Yocto Project. Utilizaremos como Host uma máquina com Ubuntu 14.04.
Setup do Host
Primeiramente devemos instalar alguns pacotes para o correto funcionamento do Yocto e a gravação da imagem na Edison. Abra o terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) e digite:
sudo apt-get install gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib \ build-essential chrpath socat libsdl1.2-dev xterm gdebi libncurses5:i386 \ libstdc++6:i386 dfu-util
Agora vamos baixar os fontes do BSP:
mkdir -p ~/yocto/dl mkdir -p ~/yocto/edison-bsp-2.1/ cd ~/yocto/edison-bsp-2.1/ wget https://downloadmirror.intel.com/24910/eng/edison-src-ww18-15.tgz tar -xzf edison-src-ww18-15.tgz cd edison-src export BB_DL_DIR=~/yocto/dl
Construindo a imagem
Na pasta “~/yocto/edison-bsp-2.1/edison-src” e existe um Makefile que concentra todas as configurações e operações necessárias para construirmos a nossa imagem. Vamos executar dois comandos para baixar todos os fontes necessários (make setup) e para construir a imagem (make image):
make setup make image
Agora relaxe, vá tomar um café e aproveite para estudar mais sobre o Yocto, pois o processo de construção é demorado quando feito pela primeira vez.
No final do processo você receberá essa mensagem no terminal:
Build Configuration: BB_VERSION = "1.22.0" BUILD_SYS = "x86_64-linux" NATIVELSBSTRING = "Ubuntu-14.04" TARGET_SYS = "i586-poky-linux" MACHINE = "edison" DISTRO = "poky-edison" DISTRO_VERSION = "1.6.1" TUNE_FEATURES = "m32 core2" TARGET_FPU = "" meta meta-yocto meta-yocto-bsp = "(detachedfromyocto-1.6.1):c4f1f0f491f988901bfd6965f7d10f60cb94a76f" meta-intel-edison-bsp meta-intel-edison-distro = "<unknown>:<unknown>" meta-intel-iot-middleware = "(detachedfrom52ca21c):52ca21c1587ff7870599eee3a08179090af27848" meta-intel-arduino = "<unknown>:<unknown>" NOTE: Preparing runqueue NOTE: Executing SetScene Tasks NOTE: Executing RunQueue Tasks NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 3609 tasks of which 3602 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded. ./meta-intel-edison/utils/flash/postBuild.sh /home/dsueiro/yocto/edison-bsp-2.1/edison-src/out/current/build EDISON_ROOTFS_MB = 1536, IMAGE_SIZE_MB = 512 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,00608839 s, 689 MB/s 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,0110309 s, 380 MB/s 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,0064562 s, 650 MB/s 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,00415899 s, 1,0 GB/s 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,00923674 s, 454 MB/s 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,0101175 s, 415 MB/s 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4194304 bytes (4,2 MB) copied, 0,00879689 s, 477 MB/s Image Name: Edison Updater script Created: Sat May 30 06:48:22 2015 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Script (uncompressed) Data Size: 14683 Bytes = 14.34 kB = 0.01 MB Load Address: 00010000 Entry Point: 00010000 Contents: Image 0: 14675 Bytes = 14.33 kB = 0.01 MB **** Done *** Files ready to flash in /home/dsueiro/yocto/edison-bsp-2.1/edison-src/out/current/build/toFlash/ Run the flashall script there to start flashing. *************
Gravando a imagem
Rode o comando a abaixo no terminal:
sudo make flash
E você verá a seguinte mensagem:
./out/current/build/toFlash/flashall.sh Using U-Boot target: edison-blankcdc Now waiting for dfu device 8087:0a99 Please plug and reboot the board
Posicione a chave SW1 próxima ao conector micro USB de acordo com a figura abaixo:
e conecte a Edison ao seu computador através do cabo micro USB:
A placa será energizada e o processo de gravação será iniciado. No final teremos as seguintes mensagens no terminal:
Flashing IFWI ##################################################] finished! ##################################################] finished! Flashing U-Boot ##################################################] finished! Flashing U-Boot Environment ##################################################] finished! Flashing U-Boot Environment Backup ##################################################] finished! Rebooting to apply partition changes Now waiting for dfu device 8087:0a99 Flashing boot partition (kernel) ##################################################] finished! Flashing rootfs, (it can take up to 5 minutes... Please be patient) ##################################################] finished! Rebooting U-boot & Kernel System Flash Success... Your board needs to reboot to complete the flashing procedure, please do not unplug it for 2 minutes.
Pronto, agora a sua Edison está rodando a versão 2.1 do Linux da Intel.
Se desejar você pode ter acesso a console serial da placa através do conector micro USB conectado ao computador conforme a figura abaixo:
Instale o aplicativo screen e abra a conexão com a placa:
sudo apt-get install screen sudo screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200
O usuário padrão da placa é “root” e não possui senha.
Abaixo você pode conferir o log de mensagens de boot:
******************************
PSH KERNEL VERSION: b0182b2b
WR: 20104000
******************************
SCU IPC: 0x800000d0 0xfffce92c
PSH miaHOB version: TNG.B0.VVBD.0000000c
microkernel built 11:24:08 Feb 5 2015
******* PSH loader *******
PCM page cache size = 192 KB
Cache Constraint = 0 Pages
Arming IPC driver ..
Adding page store pool ..
PagestoreAddr(IMR Start Address) = 0x04899000
pageStoreSize(IMR Size) = 0x00080000
*** Ready to receive application ***
U-Boot 2014.04 (May 25 2015 - 08:41:56)
Watchdog enabled
DRAM: 980.6 MiB
MMC: tangier_sdhci: 0
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
Target:blank
Partitioning already done...
Flashing already done...
GADGET DRIVER: usb_dnl_dfu
reading vmlinuz
5338432 bytes read in 132 ms (38.6 MiB/s)
Valid Boot Flag
Setup Size = 0x00003c00
Magic signature found
Using boot protocol version 2.0c
Linux kernel version 3.10.17-yocto-standard (dsueiro@dsueiro-N46VM) #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon May 25 08:19:18 BRT 2015
Building boot_params at 0x00090000
Loading bzImage at address 00100000 (5323072 bytes)
Magic signature found
Kernel command line: "rootwait root=PARTUUID=012b3303-34ac-284d-99b4-34e03a2335f4 rootfstype=ext4 console=ttyMFD2 earlyprintk=ttyMFD2,keep logle"
Starting kernel ...
[ 1.623850] snd_soc_sst_platform: Enter:sst_soc_probe
[ 2.027763] pmic_ccsm pmic_ccsm: Error reading battery profile from battid frmwrk
[ 2.045958] pmic_ccsm pmic_ccsm: Battery Over heat exception
[ 2.046031] pmic_ccsm pmic_ccsm: Battery0 temperature inside boundary
Welcome to Linux!
Expecting device dev-ttyMFD2.device...
[ OK ] Reached target Remote File Systems.
Expecting device dev-disk-by\x2dpartlabel-factory.device...
Expecting device sys-subsystem-net-devices-usb0.device...
[ OK ] Reached target Paths.
[ OK ] Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats F...utomount Point.
[ OK ] Reached target Swap.
[ OK ] Set up automount boot.automount.
[ OK ] Created slice Root Slice.
[ OK ] Listening on Journal Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on Delayed Shutdown Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on udev Control Socket.
[ OK ] Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[ OK ] Created slice User and Session Slice.
[ OK ] Created slice System Slice.
Starting udev Coldplug all Devices...
Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
Starting Journal Service...
[ OK ] Started Journal Service.
Starting Create list of required static device nodes...rrent kernel...
Starting Apply Kernel Variables...
Starting Load Kernel Modules...
Mounting Debug File System...
[ OK ] Reached target Slices.
Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
[ OK ] Created slice system-getty.slice.
[ OK ] Created slice system-serial\x2dgetty.slice.
Mounting Temporary Directory...
[ OK ] Set up automount home.automount.
[ OK ] Mounted Debug File System.
[ OK ] Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.
[ OK ] Mounted Temporary Directory.
[ OK ] Started Create list of required static device nodes ...current kernel.
[ OK ] Started Apply Kernel Variables.
[ OK ] Started Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
[ OK ] Started udev Coldplug all Devices.
[ OK ] Started Load Kernel Modules.
Mounting Configuration File System...
Mounting FUSE Control File System...
Starting Load/Save Random Seed...
Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev...
[ OK ] Mounted FUSE Control File System.
[ OK ] Mounted Configuration File System.
[ OK ] Started Load/Save Random Seed.
[ OK ] Started Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
Starting udev Kernel Device Manager...
[ OK ] Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
Mounting /var/volatile...
[ OK ] Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
[ OK ] Mounted /var/volatile.
[ OK ] Reached target Local File Systems.
Starting Trigger Flushing of Journal to Persistent Storage...
Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...
[ OK ] Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.
Starting Network Time Synchronization...
Starting Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown...
[ OK ] Started Trigger Flushing of Journal to Persistent Storage.
[ OK ] Found device /dev/ttyMFD2.
[ OK ] Found device /dev/disk/by-partlabel/factory.
Mounting Mount for factory...
[ OK ] Mounted Mount for factory.
[ OK ] Started Network Time Synchronization.
[ OK ] Started Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
[ OK ] Reached target System Initialization.
[ OK ] Reached target Timers.
[ OK ] Listening on D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
Starting Restore Sound Card State...
[ OK ] Reached target Sound Card.
[ OK ] Created slice system-systemd\x2dfsck.slice.
Starting File System Check on /dev/disk/by-partlabel/home...
[ OK ] Created slice system-systemd\x2drfkill.slice.
Starting Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill2...
Starting Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill0...
Starting Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill1...
[ OK ] Started Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill2.
[ OK ] Started Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill0.
[ OK ] Started Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill1.
[ OK ] Found device /sys/subsystem/net/devices/usb0.
[ 8.036399] systemd-fsck[174]: /dev/mmcblk0p10: recovering journal
[ 8.100699] systemd-fsck[174]: /dev/mmcblk0p10: clean, 14/87120 files, 14183/348155 blocks
[ OK ] Started File System Check on /dev/disk/by-partlabel/home.
Mounting /home...
[ OK ] Listening on sshd.socket.
[ OK ] Mounted /home.
[ OK ] Reached target Sockets.
[ OK ] Reached target Basic System.
Starting Cleanjournal service...
[ OK ] Started Cleanjournal service.
Starting Crashlog service...
[ OK ] Started Crashlog service.
Starting Edison PWR button handler...
[ OK ] Started Edison PWR button handler.
Starting Daemon to load edison mcu app binary...
[ OK ] Started Daemon to load edison mcu app binary.
Application available at (physical) address 0x04819000
VRL mapped to 0xff217000
App size = 11508 bytes
App Authentication feature is disabled!
Resetting IPC
*** Ready to receive application ***
Starting Start or stop WiFI AP Mode in Edison...
[ OK ] Started Start or stop WiFI AP Mode in Edison.
Starting Bluetooth rf kill event daemon...
[ OK ] Started Bluetooth rf kill event daemon.
Starting Daemon to handle arduino sketches...
[ OK ] Started Daemon to handle arduino sketches.
Starting Daemon to reset sketches...
[ OK ] Started Daemon to reset sketches.
Starting Login Service...
Starting Permit User Sessions...
Starting D-Bus System Message Bus...
[ OK ] Started D-Bus System Message Bus.
Starting Network Service...
Starting Watchdog sample daemon...
[ OK ] Started Watchdog sample daemon.
[ OK ] Started Permit User Sessions.
[ OK ] Started Network Service.
[ OK ] Started Login Service.
Mounting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System...
Starting Network Name Resolution...
[ OK ] Reached target Network.
Starting Zero-configuration networking...
Starting Mosquitto - lightweight server implementati...SN protocols...
Starting Getty on tty1...
[ OK ] Started Getty on tty1.
Starting Serial Getty on ttyMFD2...
[ OK ] Started Serial Getty on ttyMFD2.
[ OK ] Reached target Login Prompts.
[ OK ] Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
[ OK ] Started Network Name Resolution.
[ OK ] Started Restore Sound Card State.
[ OK ] Started Mosquitto - lightweight server implementatio...T-SN protocols.
[ OK ] Started Zero-configuration networking.
Starting The Edison status and configuration service...
[ OK ] Started The Edison status and configuration service.
Starting Intel_XDK_Daemon...
[ OK ] Started Intel_XDK_Daemon.
Starting File System Check on /dev/disk/by-partlabel/boot...
Starting PulseAudio Sound System...
[ 11.195640] systemd-fsck[252]: dosfsck 2.11, 12 Mar 2005, FAT32, LFN
[ 11.198015] systemd-fsck[252]: /dev/mmcblk0p7: 5 files, 2695/2923 clusters
[ OK ] Started File System Check on /dev/disk/by-partlabel/boot.
Mounting /boot...
[ OK ] Mounted /boot.
Starting Bluetooth service...
[ OK ] Started PulseAudio Sound System.
[ OK ] Started Bluetooth service.
[ OK ] Reached target Multi-User System.
Poky (Yocto Project Reference Distro) 1.6.1 edison ttyMFD2
edison login:
Créditos
Imagem de destaque: https://dfrobot.com
Figura 1: https://www.slideshare.net/IntelSoftware
Figuras 2, 3 e 4: https://software.intel.com
